A Reflection On My Philosophy Of Education - 754 Words

My philosophy of education is that each child is a unique individual who needs a secure, caring, and stimulating atmosphere in which to grow and mature emotionally, intellectually, physically, and socially. A safe environment is very beneficial to a child’s learning. Providing a safe environment will allow a child to expand his or her horizons and feel free to learn new tasks and topics. A vision statement is a public declaration that schools use to describe their high-level goals for the future and for what they hope to achieve if they successfully fulfill their organizational purpose. A vision statement may also describe a school’s ideals, its organizational values, long-term objectives, or what it hopes its students will learn or be capable of doing after graduating. We will have a peaceful, productive, caring, and orderly learning environment that meets the academic, social, emotional, and developmental needs of all students. Our goal is to prepare students for a successful school experience without the need for remediation. I incline to have an effective impact on the culture at Waynesboro Middle School. There will be a reinforcement of trust, collaborative decision making, and a shared sense of purpose within the school environment. Everyone will be a lifelong learner at the school including: students, teachers, parents, and administrators. Professional development will be a key aspect in meeting the needs of diverse learners and student achievement; inShow MoreRelatedReflection on my Education Philosophy1099 Words   |  4 Pages Since taking my first few educational courses in education, I have realized that my philosophy on education changes as I learning more about the profession I have entered. Every time I think I have come to a final belief statement, I learn something new about teaching and sometimes the things I learn causes me to alter my philosophy. Therefore, I will share with you what I believe about teaching and what I’ve learned at this point. As a future teacher in today’s society and generation, I believeRead MoreMy Reflection Of A Personal Early Childhood Education Philosophy878 Words   |  4 PagesIn this paper, I have developed a personal early childhood education philosophy statement. I will reflect and discuss my personal learning philosophy through topics such as: the purpose of education, how children learn best, what should be included in the curriculum, what environment children learn best in, what needs must be met for children to grow and learn, and how I can meet those needs. Every interaction with a child is important, and helps them to grow and develop. I want to create positiveRead MoreThe Role Of A Teaching Philosophy Statement1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe Role of a Teaching Philosophy Statement (TPS) Personal development is one aspect of gaining new information to enhance skills, abilities and overall knowledge. The development of a TPS, is a personal analysis of general concepts of teaching, learning, observations and experiences, transferred into the learning environment (Caukin, 2017). Consequently, the statement is intimate, insightful, with an inclusion of personal views of the aspects of teaching, foundation of learning, in addition toRead MorePersonal Philosophy of Supervision1168 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Personal Philosophy of Supervision Grand Canyon University Developmental Supervision EDA-551 Holbeck May 12, 2014 Personal Philosophy of Supervision I believe that each student is a person who needs a safe, caring, and stimulating environment in which they can grow emotionally, intellectually, physically, and socially. As a teacher it is my desire that each student reached their fullest potential in each of these areas by providing them a warm, safe, caring and cooperativeRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education : My Worldview1192 Words   |  5 Pages My philosophy of education is very much a reflection of my worldview. Although I wrote my philosophy of education over a year ago, I never had to write or even think about my worldview. When I started my Christian Worldview class and was introduced to what a worldview was. I had to think long and hard about my worldview and what is important to me, what influences me in the way I live, and how I look at life. This would come together as my worldview. My worldview impacts everything I do inRead MoreHow Do You Define Education?Some May Have A Very Simple1042 Words   |  5 PagesHow do you define education? Some may have a very simple definition to answer this question. However, the definition of education is much more encompassing than one might think. If your definition didn’t make you think of philosophy, experiences, and theory than you might want to rethink your understanding of education. Furthermore, why do we educate? Everyone’s opinion on this subject is somewhat connected between expanding experiences to producing â€Å"good† citizens. This paper seeks to exploreRead MoreMy Reflection On My Philosophy933 Words   |  4 PagesMy teaching philosophy is a reflection of my passion for providing all students with the tools necessary to not only succeed in school but also out in the real world. My passion is a reflection of my experiences as a student and now as a future secondary mathematics educator. From my experiences, I have been able to determine that my teaching philosophy entails three tenets. Students should be ready for the world, no two learners are the same and a great teacher can inspire a student to do the impossibleRead More Teaching From A Design Perspective Essay1714 Words   |  7 PagesTeaching From A Design Perspective Developing a philosophy of education is more than asserting a love of wisdom in the theory and practice of teaching. It may be heartening to feel, but it lacks backbone. For a philosophy to have weight and merit, it needs truth, logical strength, and soundness. (Hughes 19) My philosophy of education asserts the following premises that if we teach: learning as relational; creativity as skill; and knowledge as design; then, we create an instructional approach thatRead MoreReflection Of My Own Personal Development1637 Words   |  7 Pagesestablished that reflection is a generic term for intellectual and effective activities, in which individuals examine their experiences, in order to develop new understanding and intrapersonal appreciation (Knowles, et al., 2006). Research in this field has advocated reflective practice as an approach to professional development which positively impacts coaching effectiveness (Cropley, et al., 2012). This reflective report shall discuss, analyse and e valuate my own personal development throughout my first semesterRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing935 Words   |  4 Pagesthe field of nursing is no different. A variety of philosophies, models, and theories exist to steer nurses in their practice. In terms of philosophy, nurses should develop their own broad view or, in the alternative, adopt an existing way of thinking that resonates with their worldview in order to provide consistent, competent, and meaningful care in their areas of practice. In this regard, this paper seeks to explore my personal philosophy about nursing by analyzing and reflecting upon the nursing

How Violent Media Encourages The Behavior Of Adolescents

In present day society, the realm of intense and violent video games along with their media counterparts is ever changing, and this transformation is leading to the most expressive and realistic viciousness a child can be exposed to without actually harming another human being. Furthermore, due to this tremendous level of ‘realisticness,’ the inquiry of whether or not the violence portrayed in these video games and television shows leads to an amplified level of aggression and other types of violent behavior in their participants and viewers has become a forerunner among both psychological and parenting authorities. The purpose of this paper is to give an honest assessment of the various studies performed on this topic, as well as to†¦show more content†¦If those statistics are not enough to stimulate your curiosity of the effects of such media outlets, consider that, on average, children between the ages of eight and eighteen spend over forty hours of their t ime in one week under the influence of media (Anderson and Bushman, 2001). Now, if the youthful generation is so consumed in the realm of video games and media, would you not want to understand the effects, positive or negative, it is having on them? Much of the research today tends to draw the same conclusion: by participating in violent media outlets, children will display short-term effects of heightened aggression. In an article produced by Steven Silvern and Peter Williamson (1987), the concept of the general arousal theory, which states that children who become stimulated will more than likely act in a fashion similar to the one they most recently observed, is discussed. This editorial also attempts to tie in the social learning theory as another possible candidate for the increase in violent behavior among children who partake in video games that are fierce in nature. For clarification purposes, the social learning theory states that the act of learning can transpire in a social environment, as well as through surveillance or direct coaching (Sincero, 2011). Silvern and

Airline Crisis Communication Free Essays

Airline crisis communication is very important in saving the reputation of an airline company. The purpose of this presentation is to evaluate the reason why some airline loss their reputations and then make successful strategies in an airline crisis communication In this presentation, the definition of airline crisis communication will be given from two aspects, the aspect of practical way and the knowledge of the scholars. Then an example of an unsuccessful case about NYMPH is chosen to scribe the measures they did after a crisis case happened and the analysis of the negative effects and loss following it will be described in details. We will write a custom essay sample on Airline Crisis Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now After that, the problem of this case will be evaluated and reasons will be explained. Finally, four best strategies based on crisis communication theory and successful examples will be introduced to assist airline take successful strategies in the future. Then it comes to the conclusion that best strategies are effective in a crisis communication. Key words: Crisis communication: the perception of an unpredictable event that threatens important expectancies of stakeholders and can seriously impact an organization’s performance and generate negative outcomes. Reputation: the opinion that people have about an airline someone or something because if what has happened in the past. How to cite Airline Crisis Communication, Papers

Analysis of Coca Cola Company

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Coca Cola Company. Answer: Introduction Organizations that provide goods and services always engage in market research to identify the existing gaps in the market that needs to be filled .Introduction of new products in the market is a result of extensive market research. However before introducing a new product in the market certain deliberations have to be considered. A marketing plan has to be designed. The marketing plan specifies the specifications of the new product, its target market, methods of [promotion, budget opportunities and threats in the market among others. Situational Analysis Coca Cola Company deals with non-alcoholic carbonated beverages .It was founded in the year 1886 in Georgia, Atlanta United states of America. Introduction of new products into the market by the company has enabled it to emerge as the most dominant soft drink Company compared to all other Companies all over the world. Adoption of better tactics and strategies has been attributed to this trend. Product innovation has enabled the company to spread its market to over 200 countries throughout the world and enabled it to record over 1.8 billion sales every single day (Reid Bojanic, 2010). Coca Cola Zero is among other multiple products that the company produces. I was specifically designed to meet certain consumer needs which had not been met in the previous years by other companys brands specifically because it contains zero grams of sugar and zero grams of calories. There are a number of other competitors engaged in the same product diversification, among them PepsiCo and Monster beverage Corp. All these among others are fighting to have a larger market share within the beverage industry which has recorded significant growth in the recent past. It can therefore be said that the number of players in the market are many and the nature of competition is stiff (Ramaswamy Namakumari, 2009). However irrespective of this competition , Coca cola still has the opportunity of introducing its new product to all the countries in which it operates and venture into other countries in which it has not yet opened its doors. Marketing strategy Marketing strategy is a combination of all organizations goals in a single comprehensive plan. For sustainability and profit maximization purposes, an organization should base its marketing strategy on market research with emphasis being on the product mix (Panda, 2008). Target market Producers come up with new products with aim of meeting certain identified needs in the market .The target market constitute the people that the company intends to sell its products to (Malaval,Be?naroya Aflalo,2014). The target market for the new product will be teenage males. The product is an alternative to diet coke which many people had largely linked to women. This new product is meant to bring back male superiority by being identified as male drink. Market segmentation Producers often divide their markets into segments that are definable and measurable. Here potential buyers are classified into segments depending on their common needs. Targeting a specific market can save an organization from advertising costs as well as other costs that can be incurred as a result of offering their products to mass markets (Kotler, 2012). Coca Cola Company is the largest producer, marketer and distributor of soft non alcoholic beverages in the world. This means that its operations are distributed all over the world. For this new product, a new multisegment targeting strategy will be employed. This will involve the use of multiple market segments that will be well defined. A marketing mix for each of these segments will then be developed. Demographic characteristics of customers Each customer or segment of customers is defined by the special attributes that they possess. These particular traits that define a particular market segment are referred to as demographic characteristics. This particular product will be suitable for male teens who want the taste but not calories, irrespective of their marital status, race or color, Economic background or level of education (Kazmi,2007). Geographic characteristics of customers Each customer has his or her geographical location where they can be found. Location can determine accessibility or inaccessibility of a customer .Target customer for this product will basically be those from the countries in which the company operates. The product will then reach out to other geographical locations with time. Psychographic characteristics of customers Different customers usually have different personalities, attributes, lifestyles, interests as well as personal values. Such customers need to have products tailored towards their attributes. This new product will be designed to go along with the psychographic characteristics of the consumers. Segmentation of the market based on psychographic characteristics will enable the company to lay particular focus on meeting the needs of such customers. Buying situation Consumers usually make different buying decisions which might not be similar to those made previously Buying situation refers to the circumstances surrounding a particular purchase made by a consumer in terms of the consumer previous experience regarding that particular product as well as the availability of its vendors. Buying situation is also linked to the amount of effort taken by the consumer in order to make that particular decision (Jayachandran, 2014). The selected segments for product will be teens aged between 12 and 19 years. These segments will be distributed in different regions, in different countries. Marketing strategies for this product will focus on appealing to people within this age bracket irrespective of where they are located geographically. Strengths of the target market A market composed of teens can be very valuable. This because teens can easily influence what parents as well as other teens can buy. This is likely to create a demand for the coke zero products by other teens as well as other products from the company by their (Teens) parents Teens are also known to be great consumers of information from different types of media. Because of their affinity to social media, teens are likely top be reached by information concerning products more than people belonging to other age groups. While dealing with teens, advertisement costs can be significantly reduced because of the use of modern types of advertisements such as placing ads on disks commonly purchased by teens (Govindarajan, 2009). This is unlike the traditional methods of advertisements for the older generations. Weaknesses of the target market The major drawback for this target is financial challenges. It is clear that most of the people within this bracket are either in school or unemployed .This will mean that they might not have the money to buy products. This will affect the overall demand for the products Goals and objectives There a number of goals that will need to be met .These will be designed to help maintain a high level of focus in the organization as well as act as a motivating factor for the people at the center of the new product. The success of the new product or its impact in the market will be analyzed by evaluation of the goals and objectives that were initially set. These will be made public during the day of the launch of the new product. They include: To sell one million units of coke zero during the first month of launching Identify 0.5 million new prospects after launching the new product Address all issues raised regarding the new product within the a maximum of 24 hours in the first month of the product launch in the market Marketing Tactics Product Development Coca Cola Company clearly understands the importance of providing affordable but high quality products in order to meet the needs of its growing number of consumers. Sufficient amount of resources will also be set aside for continuous research in order to facilitate continuous development of high quality products for consumption by its customers. Product Branding Branding refers to a collection of attributes that the consumers expect from a product which has the possibility of influencing their willingness to purchase. In a market where profitability is highly dependent on repeated and continuous purchase, branding is an important factor in determining the success of products (Aaker, 2014). There are common attributes that distinguish Coca Cola products from products produced by other companies. Among these is cokes unique taste and color. Labeling of coke zero with normal coca cola colors will make the brand to be easily identified by customers. The product is expected to be a strong brand not only in the United States of America but also other countries as well. A brand name promises consumers certain benefits such as value for their money as well as quality. Branding is a form of marketing strategy in itself because it takes a period of time to gain consumers trust and approval of a certain product. Once this trust has been developed, sale s of the product are assured as consumers are willing to buy that commodity due to the continued trust they have on that brand to meet their needs. Branding will be aimed at making the product attractive to the eyes of consumers. Product packaging A right product but wrongly packaged can be a disastrous move for an organization. This is basically because people tend to buy what they see not what they dont see. Because of this reason, product packaging plays a significant role in product promotion. The packaging of a product says a lot about it and at times it usually determines the amount of sales for the product. A product that is well packaged will be preferred over poorly packaged products. Initially, the product will be packaged in 350 0ml attractive cans to be distributed to all outlets all over the world. Price Price plays a very important role in determining the success of a new product. Price usually refers to the amount of money that consumers will have to sacrifice in order to acquire a certain product (Applegate Johnson, 2007). Price for the new product will be reasonably affordable for many people within different regions. Setting fair prices will enable the product to move fast hence increasing the volume of goods sold. However price for goods and service is determined by a number of factors among them the cost incurred in the production process as well as cost of raw materials and labor and finally prices set by competitors. All these factors are going to be put into considerations to ensure that the products price will be the best in the market. Distribution Distribution is the process of moving a product from its point of production to their point of consumption. ie where consumers need them .Distribution provides utility for a good basically because if it is produced and kept by the producer its purpose will not be achieved. The company will ensure a continuous distribution of the products to all consumer outlets at the lowest cost possible so that the price cannot be affected. Promotion Communication regarding the existence of certain products in the market is quite important. Consumers need to be constantly told and reminded of the existence of products to keep their interests high. Promotion is therefore the process of creating awareness about the existence of certain goods and services. Promotion can be carried out in a number of ways. Internet In the modern world, the internet has become a very important tool for advertising. Many businesses have taken advantage of the increased usage of the internet to market their goods and services through offering information via the internet. Any business that has a desire of growing beyond its geographical region has no option but to adopt the use of the internet. All businesses should take advantage of this tool let the world know about their products and services. With increased computer literacy in many countries of the world, the internet is an effective way of marketing for business (Brown, 2012). The company will use its website coca-cola.co.za to let the world know about this new product. Basically all the information about the product will be provided here so consumers can easily access it. Television Television has been seen as the most conventional method of passing information to a large number of people. Thousands of companies pay media houses to have adverts about their products aired on television. Coca-cola company has used Television to advertise its products for a long time with the most recent advert being the Taste the feeling advert The company will also use television in order to reach large audiences. Television can be a very effective tool to reach out to teens because they form the dominant group in as much as watching television is concerned. I n this time and age, television sets are relatively cheap thus accessible to many people and therefore this is quite an effective way of advertising the product ( Marshall Johnston, 2009). Outdoor media Coca cola has engaged itself in games by sponsoring many sporting activities over the years. This has enabled the company to maintain the longest relationship with the sporting community It has partnered with other players in the industry to keep Olympic fans entertained. During such events free drinks from the company are given to the participants and attendees. This can be an excellent tool for marketing its products .The company can also use the same strategy to create awareness about its new product. Thus this can be a very good strategy for establishing and maintaining a remarkable relationship between the product and consumers (Clow Baack, 2012). Print media This is another strategy that the company can use to create awareness about it new product. Because the product is mostly targeted to teenagers, the company can result to placing their adverts on teenagers magazines to enable the information to diffuse easily. They can also place them on sport magazines or celebrity magazines which are all very familiar with teenagers. Financial projections Activity Cost Rationale Advertising USD 3,500,000 With a good budget it can be possible to prepare good adverts and use them in different media in different locations Ongoing online interactions USD 130,000 For accounts and payments to employees involved in the online interactions with customers Launch Party USD 25,000 It will also be important to promote the new product Implementation Controls Implementation control is a process designed to ensure the achievement of certain objectives during marketing plan implementation. For the process to be carried out satisfactorily the top management should be available to offer overall leadership for the implementation. There should also be effective coordination within the organization .Apart from that there should also be effective vertical and horizontal communication. For effective controls values of indicators must be set, these are values which can be observed and measured on regular basis. Control values such as the sales volume can provide a snapshot on how effective or ineffective the process is being implemented. It can also be done through comparing actual values and the planned values. The difference between the two can be used in decision making (Arun kumar Meenakshi, 2011). Conclusion Based on the above analysis its is important to ensure that the target market is identified and appropriate strategies for reaching that market put in place. Basically, different target markets require different marketing techniques. This should be identified beforehand. Additionally the market fro the new product should be segmented to save on advertising costs that would have been spent in reaching to the larger market. The budget for the plan should also be reasonable to avoid affecting the price of the new product References Aaker, D. A. (2014). Strategic market management. https://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/?fpi=9781118582862. Applegate, E., Johnsen, A. (2007). Cases in advertising and marketing management: real situations for tomorrow's managers. Lanham, Rowman Littlefield. Arun kumar, Meenakshi, N. (2011). Marketing management. Noida, Vikas Publishing House. Brown, M. (2012). Health care marketing management. Gaithersburg, Md, Aspen Publishers. Chandrasekar, K. S. (2010). Marketing management: text and cases. New Delhi, Tata McGraw-Hill. Clow, K. E., Baack, D. (2012). Cases in marketing management. Thousand Oaks, Calif, SAGE. Govindarajan, M. (2009). Marketing management: concepts, cases, challenges and trends. New Delhi, II., Prentice-Hall. Hutt, M. D., Speh, T. W. (2010). Business marketing management: B2B. Mason, OH, South-Western Cengage Learning. Jayachandran, S. (2014). Marketing management text and cases. New-Delhi, Excel Books. Kazmi, S. H. H. (2007). Marketing management: text and cases. New Delhi, India, Excel Books. Kotler, P. (2012). Marketing management. Harlow, Pearson Education. Malaval, P., Be?naroya, C., Aflalo, J. (2014). Aerospace marketing management: a handbook for the entire value chain. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01354-1. Marshall, G. W., Johnston, M. W. (2009). Marketing management. Maidenhead, McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Panda, T. K. (2008). Marketing management: text and cases : Indian context. New Delhi, Excel Books. Ramaswamy, V. S., Namakumari, S. (2009). Marketing management: global perspective, Indian context. [Delhi], Macmillan. Reid, R. D., Bojanic, D. C. (2010). Hospitality marketing management. Hoboken, N.J., John Wiley Sons.

Teaching Business Graduates in Brazil

Around fourteen years ago, after spending 10 years in Brazil, I came back to Panama with my wife to settle down, start a family and build a career. A few months later I was feeling I wasn’t quite happy with what Panama had to offer compared to living in Brazil, but I wasn’t satisfied with living in Brazil either.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Business Graduates in Brazil specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More I remember taking a walk with my father when I realized he should have gone through the same dilemma. As many other Panamanians, my father studied in a foreign country. He and my mother went to Madrid and lived there for 8 years. Two of my sisters and myself were born there while he was studying architecture. In 1976 we came back from Spain to live in Panama and he has been here ever since. So I told my father that I could not continue to stay in Panama because of its chaotic nature and wa s longing for the wonderful relationships I had enjoyed during my stay in Brazil. I made up my mind to go back to Brazil few days later after coming to the realization that there is no perfect country in the entire world. My next trip to Brazil would be more purposeful because I was determined to make a difference in the lives of those around me. I needed to do something instead of waiting for something to be done.  It might seem like a herculean task, but I’ll be satisfied if I could only change people around me. I’m sure you are already doing this too. Actually, I think you have been doing this before I took that walk with my father. You did it with your kids and I’m sure you feel satisfied about it. Now, your task there is done and you have much more to do here in Latin America. Teaching is about sharing knowledge. A good teacher also lets her students find their own answers. This approach gives the students a sense of responsibility. Cooperative learning h elps in motivating students and gives relevance to instructions. The students can work individually or in groups towards realizing the objective of the course. By letting students find their own answers, the teacher sparks some intrinsic motivation in the students that makes them to be more creative and competent. The self- esteem of students is developed through inclusive learning and at the same time enhances team work.   Since graduate students are being prepared to go to the field, teamwork and creativity are essential skills needed and cooperative learning promotes that.  Yes, a lot can be done for Brazilian graduate students and that is a good reason to consider teaching there.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Brazil is a great place to live, to teach, and learn. Mostly to learn, it is such a rich and diverse culture. You can have anything between raw indigenous Amazonian vil lages in the North to a European colonial town in Porto Alegre, South of Brazil. There have been more than 10 years since I left Brazil. By that time, Brazil had already dealt with the inflation frenzy, their market was starting to open, and there was an optimistic feeling in the air. Brazilian people have grown one of the most powerful emerging countries in the world and are now part of the group that is shifting the world economies. If I needed to choose between helping Brazil business graduates how to take advantage of this position, or helping Panamanian graduates to help Panama reach a better position, I would prefer the later. There is a lot more that can be accomplished here or in another not so developed Latin American country. This essay on Teaching Business Graduates in Brazil was written and submitted by user Marisol U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Prenatal Yoga for Women Health

Prenatal Yoga for Women Health A natural, safe and simple way of pregnant women maintaining their health is by engaging in yoga exercises. Yoga prepares pregnant mothers and fetus for easy uncomplicated birth process.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Prenatal Yoga for Women Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It relieves stress and brings peace and harmony not only to the pregnant women, but to all family members. Yoga is one of methods guaranteeing pregnant women a healthier lifestyle, and pregnant mother’s body alignment in order to enhance healthier pregnancy and delivery process. Yoga provides means and techniques to relax. Yoga also improves breathing during labor and in the entire pregnancy. It relaxes body muscles thus alleviating lower and upper back pains. Pregnant women should practice yoga with an experienced yoga teacher. The latter ensures that pregnant women’s parameters remain at optimum in all pregnancy st ages. Initially, before commencing on yoga exercises it is important for any pregnant woman to inquire which poses are suitable for her depending pregnancy stage. It is important to determine if pregnant woman has complications such as cardiovascular diseases which should be dealt with carefully. It is crucial for pregnant woman to avoid strenuous, belly twisting, inverted and belly compressing poses. One should not attempt to hold or retain breath during the exercises. Additionally, pregnant women should avoid poses which are uncomfortable and exercise moderate not to an extent of extreme fatigue (Health and Yoga.com, 2011). There are various complications associated with pregnancy. Back pain is a complication common during pregnancy. It is rampant in third pregnancy trimester. Back pain is caused by shift in pregnant mother’s center of gravity. Edema is another complication during pregnancy. It is due to compression of pelvic veins and inferior venacava by the uterus. Compr ession of pelvic veins and inferior venacava leads to increase in lower limb’s hydrostatic pressure. Carpel tunnel syndrome is a pregnancy complication which results due to edema in the lower limbs.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gastro-esophageal reflux disease is a common complication during pregnancy. It is caused by lower esophageal sphincter muscle relaxation during pregnancy. Additionally, prolonged time for transit in stomach causes gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Other common complications in pregnancy include hemorrhoids which are caused by high venous pressure. Also, lower abdominal pain is another complication during pregnancy that is caused by stretching of ligaments and uterus expansion (Tran, 2001). There are yoga poses that best suits the above complications. Back pain in pregnancy can be resolved by poses such as kati chakrasan also known as waist rotating pose. Thunderbolt pose (vajransan), bhadrasan and gracious pose flapping fish pose (matsya kridasan) are effective in alleviating gastro-esophageal reflux disease (Yoga Journal, 2011). Sleeping abdominal stretch pose (sputa udarakarshanasan), and flapping fish pose (matsya krid asan) are effective in preventing constipation during pregnancy while half butterfly pose (ardha titali asan) is helpful in alleviating edema in during pregnancy. Other poses which alleviate edema include full butterfly pose also known as poorna titali asan, and churning the mill pose (chakki chalanasan). Different types of yoga poses are recommended for each semester of pregnancy. In the first pregnancy trimester the recommended yoga poses include half butterfly. It is also known as ardha titali asan. It aims at facilitating fast delivery progress and relaxing knee and hip joints. Full butterfly pose also known as poorna titali asan is helpful in first trimester. It relieves legs fati gue and contributes to muscle relaxation. Sleeping abdominal stretch pose (sputa udarakarshanAsan) aims at facilitating digestion and alleviating constipation. Also, it relieves spinal tension. Churning mill pose (chakki chalan asan) improves pelvis muscles and nerve tone. Kashta takshan asan also known as chopping wood pose is important in improving pelvic muscles and nerves tone. Cat stretch pose (marjari asan) boosts spine, neck and shoulder flexibility. Kati chakras also known as waist rotating pose improves hips, back and waist tone. Tadasan or palm tree pose improves mental and physical balance (Health and Yoga.com, 2011). The recommended second trimester poses include flapping fish pose. It is also known as matsya kridasan. This pose is beneficial in improving digestion and alleviating constipation. Thunderbolt pose (vajransan) improves pregnant women’s digestion especially after meals.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Prenatal Yoga fo r Women Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bhadrasan also known as gracious pose serves same purpose as vajransan. Cat stretch pose is recommended in the second trimester of pregnancy. It facilitates spine, neck and shoulder movement. Utthanasan also known as squat and rise pose is essential for thigh, ankle and uterus muscle firming. Spinal bend pose (meru akarshanasan) easies abdominal, hamstrings and thigh muscles (Health and Yoga.com, 2011). In third trimester the poses recommended include ankle crank pose that is important in facilitating blood circulation in lower limbs. Half butterfly pose is also known as ardha titali asan. It is aimed at facilitating fast delivery progress and relaxing knee and hip joints. Full butterfly pose is also known as poorna titali asan that is helpful in first trimester. It relieves legs fatigue and contributes to muscle relaxation. Sleeping abdominal stretch pose (sputa udarakarshanasan) aims at facil itating digestion and alleviating constipation. Also, sleeping abdominal stretch pose relieves spinal tension (Health and Yoga.com, 2011). References Health and Yoga.com: Yoga and pregnancy. (2011). Retrieved from www.healthandyoga.com/html/pfirst.html Tran, M. (2001). Effects of yoga practice on the health related aspects of physical fitness. Prev Cardiol, 4 (4), 165-170. Yoga Journal: Pregnancy modification for experienced students. (2011). Retrieved from www.yogajournal.com/practice/767

Exam 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Exam 2 - Essay Example Strategic staffing can be defined as the process that companies utilize to identify and deal with the staffing implications of specific business plans and strategies. It includes both the idea of identifying and tackling, but not either of the two. Some organizations implement strategic staffing only to assist them identify problems like staffing gaps; in which demand surpasses supply, or surpluses; in which supply surpasses demand. Even though this identification process is essential, it is also inadequate. Strategic staffing is helpful solely when the procedure also defines what the company ought to do to reduce or eliminate those surpluses and staffing gaps most efficiently. Strategic staffing can also be defined to mean a process towards change. Emphasizing change means that staffing insinuations should be identified and discussed continuously, any time changes are made to the business plan, not just once per year (Bechet 51). Mostly, organizations perceive that the aim of strategic staffing is to forecast future staffing requirements. They then attempt to define staffing activities that must be considered in that context to get rid of issues that may or may not come up in the future. This move cannot be accurately achieved, while at the same time, has little or no impact to the company. As a result, some organizations give up to the procedure immediately since their managers have no understanding, knowledge, and skills to predict their lasting staffing needs reliably. The objective is therefore to develop a long-term context in which the most efficient short-term decisions can be made. For a company to develop a strategic staffing plan that is successful, it has to encounter several issues or problems. This can include lack of specificity on expected competencies, invalid data for making sound decisions, and poor

Individual Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Individual Report - Assignment Example The GDP growth rate of the Czech Republic is quite moderate taking into consideration the recent economic downturn. Inflation rate is also moderate, and indicates that the economic environment in the country is favourable for international development. Exchange rate is subject to regulations on behalf of the national government. Taking into consideration projections that the national currency will gradually appreciate, the decision to enter the Czech Republic market should be reviewed. The limitation of this report can be referred to lack of some specific facts about the US-company’s operations, and understanding of the industry in which it operates. Due to this limitation, further research is required. There should be carried more detailed analysis of external environment, including: political, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors. The large US-based multinational company that manufactures and sells its products in a number of other countries, including China and the UK is evaluating opportunities of international expansion, namely to the Czech Republic. The aim of this report is to provide the Chief Executive Officer and Board of Directors with analytical overview of the economic situation in the Czech Republic and provide recommendations regarding expansion of the business to this country. The remainder of the report is comprised of several sections, whereas the literature review section provides theoretical overview of key macroeconomic indicators and how these indicators can be used in order to evaluate economic health of a specific country or region. The next section provides overview of the current economic situation in the Czech Republic based on the macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, inflation rate and exchange rate. Section â€Å"Interpretation† presents analysis of the historical and actual macroeconomic

The law of finding is characterised by many things but simplicity is Essay

The law of finding is characterised by many things but simplicity is not one of them - Essay Example providing some basic principles and guidelines for the determination of title to the finding of lost chattels.3 Even so, any clarification offered by Parker v British Airways Board has been blurred in light of the cases that followed it.4 Hoath goes on to suggest that the catalyst for the lack of clarity in and around the law of finding disputes is largely attributable to the lack of attention and recognition to this area of law. 5 At the end of the day the age-old maxim ‘finders-keepers’ is not all that straightforward. An obvious conflict arises between he maxim ‘finder-keepers’ and the concept that an owner or occupier of land retains all rights to property which is either in or attached to the land where the object is discovered. In an early case the maxim ‘finder-keepers’ was found to be subject to any claims by the rightful owner.6 In this case, Armory v. Delamirie (1722) 1 Str. 505 the land owner made no claim to an item of jewelry found by a chimney sweeps’ boy and the ensuing dispute arose between the boy and a jeweler.7 The modern rules of ‘finders-keepers’ is largely developed around the court’s findings in the case of Elwes v Brigg Gas Co. (1886) 33 Ch.D. 562. Chitty J made it abundantly clear that in finding disputes the critical question of property entitlement was dependant upon ownership and/or lawful possession of the property where the lost object was discovered. In this case a prehistoric boat which had been buried 6 feet deep in the earth on demised premises was discovered by lessee. Chitty J maintained that the owner of the demised property was entitled to possession of the object uncovered. Chitty J held: he was in possession of the ground, not merely of the surface, but of everything that lay beneath the surface down to the centre of the earth, and consequently in possession of the boat. . . . The plaintiff then, being thus in possession of the chattel, it follows that the property in the chattel was vested in him.

Conflict of personal and professional values

Conflict of personal and professional values Conflict of personal and professional values Introduction: It has always been acknowledged that social work practice raises ethical dilemmas on a regular basis. These dilemmas occur due to a conflict of professional and personal values. Social work is involved with the support of people who have a variety of needs, with relationships within the family, with needs ascending from structural influences; such as poverty and conflicts with society. These are individually moral concerns which are integrated into the tradition of society, and are therefore laden with social values. This is where the problem lies, because the views in which are regarded as being acceptable in society, are then accepted by the mass population. They say â€Å"what ought to be the case† (Shardlow, 2003, p.3), consequently initiating the potential for conflict between individuals on bases of belief and conceptualisation. Therefore, social work will always reflect values and will often be disputed because society may not necessarily agree with the aim of social wo rk. The following assignment will look at values at a professional and personal level, while considering the possible conflicts which could arise within practice, why this can happen and what needs to change. The word ‘value’ means the â€Å"Principles or standards of behaviour; one’s judgement of what is important in life† (Oxford Dictionaries, 2014). Every individual has a set of beliefs which influence their actions, some are personal to us, while others are shared beliefs. Our own moral code defines what is of value to us in life and therefore, identifies part of who we are. As a social work student, we are taught to be aware of our own personal values and how they might be different to people of a different culture. Professional values are based on a code of ethics presented by the British Association of Social Workers (BASW). These are split into: human rights, social justice and professional integrity (BASW, 2012). Therefore, social workers are expected to respect all individuals and protect vulnerable people. Likewise, the Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC) issued a code of practice for social care workers to abide by. These highlight standards such as; protecting the rights of service users and carers, maintain trust, promote independence, respect and accountability and responsibility (NISCC, 2002). There are also agency policies, procedures and legislation which governs the way in which a social worker must practice. One dilemma which could prove to be conflicting for a social worker is balancing confidentiality with the duty to protect versus the right to self-determination. A central question with relation to ethics in social work is how a social worker should behave towards a client. What are the boundaries of a client-worker relationship? Let’s say for example, you are a social worker working with a female client, Miss Smyth, within a mental health facility. You have been working with Miss Smyth for three months and she has a son, aged six, who has some behaviour problems. Over the past few months, your relationship with Miss Smyth has strengthened and she now feels she can confide in you and trust you, talking to you about some of her personal problems such as; financial issues and her battle with depression. Working together, you have taught Miss Smyth different ways with which to deal with her son’s behaviour problems and from this, there have been a great deal of improvement s. However, one day during your visit with her, Miss Smyth confides in you about an incident she had with her son, when he was acting out and she pushed him because she was frustrated, but this caused him to bang his head as he fell over; leaving him with a bruise. Miss Smyth pleads with you not to tell anyone, but the problem here is that the law requires you to report what has happened. You understand that Miss Smyth and her son have improved greatly and continue to make progress, however, if you report this incident, then your progress with both Miss Smyth and her son will likely be permanently affected. What do you do? The above case highlights some of the difficulties social workers face: a dilemma of social work values. Values such as respecting the client’s right to self-determination and confidentiality, can be a complex process, since there are particular circumstances where breaching confidentiality is sanctioned by the law and professional values. For example, â€Å"†¦confidentiality may be breached with or without the client’s consent in order to report instances of neglect and abuse† (Saxon et al. 2006). This is a conflict of personal and professional values, referred to as an ethical dilemma. An ethical dilemma is â€Å"..a situation in which professional duties and obligations, rooted in core values, clash† (Reamer, 2006, p.4). ‘Confidentiality’ in terms of social work means â€Å"a system of rules and norms applied to information given by clients to social workers†¦social workers will not divulge this information to others except in ce rtain circumstances† (Hugman and Smith, 1995, p.67). As established, it is clear that the majority of professionals agree that it is acceptable in particular situations to break confidentiality, yet, the principles surrounding the importance of maintaining confidentiality are considered as significant in gaining the clients trust. Jonathan Coe, chief executive of Witness, states â€Å"I don’t think anyone has got the boundaries right in all circumstances. Things will always come up and people need to be able to articulate these challenges and discuss them with supervisors and managers..†(Sale, 2007). He added â€Å"You cannot have an absolute list of do’s and don’ts when it comes to professional boundaries†¦you would end up with a situation where workers become so remote and distant from clients they would be unable to engage with them†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sale, 2007). As a result, there is no perfect solution. However, it could be highlighted that the BASW code of ethics fails to provide sufficient guidance for social workers in the day to day conflicts of values and their responsibilities. Additionally, another conflict which could be highlighted is social work valued based practice versus core value, such as; working with sex offenders. A characteristic of social workers is personal resilience, and this is particularly fundamental for those working with sex offenders. This profession requires a practitioner to help empower people, to see an individual’s strengths and build on them. There have been many conflicting debates on the view of sex offenders, especially paedophiles. Naturally, societies view has been that paedophiles are ‘monsters’ while fuelling fear into parents over the safety of their children, with the media hyping up public speculation by releasing stories such as; â€Å"Warning over paedophiles ‘grooming’ primary school children..† (Harris, 2012). Further stories involving respected individuals within the public, shocked society with articles featuring; â€Å"Irish Catholic church child abuse: A cruel and wicked system† (McDonald, 2009). Therefore, strengthening society’s negative view of sex offenders. However, in recent years, there has been an increasingly oppositional view of these offenders. Sarah Goode, published by Damian Thompson, in the Telegraph (2013), states â€Å"Adult sexual attraction to children is part of the continuum of human sexuality; it’s not something we can eliminate†¦if we can talk about this rationally†¦we can maybe avoid the hysteria†. Likewise, a recent television documentary: ‘The Paedophile next door’ (Channel 4, 2014) showed a rise in public debate. The documentary attempts to discover why legislation has failed to protect children from sexual abuse, and investigates drastic and controversial alternatives. Peter Saunders, founder of the National Association of People Abused in Childhood, told Metro â€Å"We have to tackle these sordid issues head on and if someone is seeking help, better we do that before they offend rather than after† (Binns, 2014). Statements like these reinforce the fact that awareness has increased and that there is more evidence in support of assistance for sex offenders to change. Therefore, viewing the offender as a person and not focussing on their offence. As a result, there are ways in which a social worker can control the conflict of values and dominate the mixture of feelings which are triggered by these offences. These include; not labelling, recognising and validating experienced trauma, understanding attachment difficulties and understanding the pathway an individual has undergone to get where they are (Hebb, 2013). This approach can help to encourage the individual to believe that they can lead a purposeful life and achieve goals without posing a threat to others. As a social work student, I know I will find some situations more challenging than others. My personal beliefs have been instilled into me from a young age, therefore, training to be a social worker and having to learn new values which I have to take into account will be difficult. The code of practice clearly states that all â€Å"social workers must protect the rights and promote the interests of service users and carers† (NISCC, 2002), therefore it is important to recognise that the appropriate action is to assess someone’s needs while working at a professional level. Furthermore, social workers operate from a ‘Framework for Theory and Practice’ (Dalrymple and Burke, 2006) that understands the presence of inequality and oppression that exists in society. Therefore, using this framework will help to develop the skills required within practice without causing oppression or inequality. These skills will also help to improve working relationships with multi- agency and multi-disciplinary groups. These can be applied to my practice and will strengthen my ability as a social worker. . Conclusion: As previously stated, social workers regularly make difficult decisions, where there is no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ answer. This essay supports the argument that social work values, such as, client self-determination and sustaining confidentiality can create an uncertain process, causing confusing between values and process, therefore resulting in the inability to find the ‘correct’ response. A clients concerns are often complex and have many aspects, therefore, it could be suggested that the greater the knowledge and skills that a practitioner is able to develop in ethical decision making, the more effective this would be for a social worker in practice. Additionally, the foundations of good social work practice is knowing your values and principles, how you’ve learned to interact with people, your knowledge and skills learned. I have always considered myself to be an empathetic person, who listens well, does not judge others and is sensitive to the feelings of others. But, I am aware that there are still some areas I need to strengthen. For example; the ability to work with a person that has abused a child, I have always focused on the areas I would like to work and never considered being placed with a person or group of people I might struggle to accept or work with. This will be a conflict of my personal and professional values, however, through consistent training and development, I will be able to further develop in the profession of social work based on a commitment in practice to key values and principles. Word count: 1806 Reference Section BASW (2012) The Code of Ethics for Social Work: Statement of Principles. [pdf] BASW. Available at cdn.basw.co.uk/upload/basw_112315-7.pdf [Accessed 13 November 2014] Binns, D., (2014) Paedophile to out himself in channel 4 documentary. Metro. [online] Available at metro.co.uk [Accessed 28 November 2014] Dalrymple, J., and Burke, B., (2006) Anti-Oppressive Practice: Social Care and the Law. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Harris, S., (2012) Warning over paedophiles ‘grooming’ primary school children on Club Penguin and Moshi Monsters website. Daily Mail Online [online] Available at www.dailymail.co.uk [Accessed 21 November 2014] Hebb, J., (2013) ‘Social work values are essential in my work with high risk offenders’. Community Care. [online] Available at www.communitycare.co.uk [Accessed 30 November 2014] Hugman, R. and Smith, D. (1995) Ethical Issues in Social Work. United Kingdom: Taylor Francis, Inc. McDonald, H., (2009) Irish Catholic Church child abuse: ‘A cruel and wicked system’. The Guardian [online] Available at www.theguardian.com [Accessed 22 November 2014] NISCC (2002) Codes of Practice for Social Care Workers and Employers of Social Care Workers. [pdf] NISCC. Available at www.niscc.info/files/Codes/2002Sep_NISCCCodesOfPracticeWordVersionEnglish_Publication_Approved_AFMCK.pdf [Accessed 15 November 2014] Oxford Dictionaries: Language Matters (2014) Oxford Press. [online] Available from www.oxforddictionaries.com [Accessed 13 November 2014] Reamer, G. F., (2006) Social Work Values and Ethics. New York: Columbia University Press. Sale, A. U., (2007) How to maintain proper relations between practitioner and service user. Community Care. [online] Available at www.communitycare.co.uk [Accessed 30 November 2014] Saxon, C., Jacinto, A. G., and Dziegielewski, F, S., (2006) ‘Self-Determination and Confidentiality: The Ambiguous Nature of Decision-Making in Social Work Practice’. Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment, 13 (4) p. 56. Shardlow, S., (2003) The Values of Change in Social Work. Routledge. The Paedophile Next Door (2014) [TV programme] Channel 4, 25 November 2014 21:00 Thompson, D., (2013) Guardian: Paedophiles are ‘ordinary members of society’ who need moral support. The Telegraph [online] Available at http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/damianthompson/100196502/guardian-paedophiles-are-ordinary-members-of-society-who-need-moral-support/ [Accessed 23 November 2014] 1

Connecting Babylon Revisited, My Life, and the Life of F. Scott Fitzger

      It is no wonder, that when students read literature, some are confused about the meaning of the story or poem, know little, if anything at all, about the author, and have trouble memorizing important points. This is not only because of the limited time allowed, but because the student fails to associate new knowledge with old knowledge. Making a personal connection is important whether the instructor recommends it or not. Attention should be given to both the technical points of the writing and the author's biography. Take, for example, F. Scott Fitzgerald's "Babylon Revisited." At first glance, the story wasn't that hard to understand, so it was a good opportunity to study a piece of 20th century American literature in a deeper way.      "Babylon Revisited" is often credited for being one of Fitzgerald's greatest short stories. As Professor Jackson Bryer states on a web site interview, "[It combines] Fitzgerald's human themes of loss with a background of the social times in which they take place. ...Paris in the Twenties. ...[These aspects] give them a resonance (the personal story played within a larger picture) which many of Fitzgerald's other stories lack" (1). Bryer also feels that "FSF should be remembered and valued most for the 'how' of his fiction rather than the 'what' of it, namely his style is what makes him exceptional, not his subject matter. ...he does have the ability to capture feeling and emotion brilliantly as well. Gatsby's frustration, Charlie Wale's exasperation, ... these are palpably present to readers."    Composed in 1931 and published in 1935, "Babylon Revisited" is "the s... ... in Minnesota: His Homes and Haunts. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1978.    McMichael, George. Anthology of American Literature / Volume II: Realism to the Present. (6th ed.). New Jersey : Prentice Hall, Inc., 1997.    Miller, Larry. "Pioneer Planet Fitzgerald Tour." 1996. http://www.special.pioneerplanet.com/archive/fitzgerald/tour.htm. 21 May 1998.    Murphy, Gary and William C. Slattery. "The Flawed Text of 'Babylon Revisited': A Challenge to Editors, a Warning to Readers." Studies in Short Fiction 18.3(1981):315-318.    Page, Dave and John Koblas. F. Scott Fitzgerald in Minnesota: Toward the Summit. St. Cloud: North Start Press of St. Cloud, 1996.    Shain, Charles E. "F. Scott Fitzgerald." University of Minnesota pamphlets on American Writers 15, 1961.

Church & Dwight: Time to Rethink the Portfolio? A case report prepared for MG 495 Business Policy Essay

Church & Dwight is a major manufacturer of household and personal products, including the popular Arm & Hammer brand along with well-known labels like Aim, Brillo, Nair, Oxi-Clean, and much more. Their trusted A & H trademark appears on a broad range of consumer and specialty products sold around the world. In 2011, the Company achieved a total sales revenue of 35%. Over the past decade, the Company delivered an annual TSR of approximately 19% to its shareholders, significantly better than the 1% TSR of the S & P 500 stock index during the same period, (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-2). However with the entrance of other companies wanting the same market share, Church & Dwight is facing some market competition issues. The biggest challenge, which the company is facing is maintaining constant growth. The company expanded consumer products portfolio over 70 brands into the existing corporate structure while†¨continuing to scout for new avenues for growth. This is no easy task as it competes for market share with such formidable consumer products powerhouses as Colgate-Palmolive, Clorox, and Procter & Gamble, commanding combined sales revenue of over $100 billion. As the world’s largest producer and marketer of sodium bicarbonate-based products, Church & Dwight had, until recently, achieved consistent growth in sales and earnings. The core business of the company being the production of sodium bicarbonate. The company tried to expand its other products lines, which is not an easy task. Despite the challenging business environment, the company envisioned that in 2012 they will deliver 9-10% earnings per share growth through continued relentless focus on the 10 key areas that contributed to their outstanding TSR results over the past 10 years. In order to achieve their goal, they targeted, organic sales growth of 3-4%, 25-50 basis points of gross margin expansion, maintaining strong marketing spending at approximately 13% of net revenue, and continued tight management overhead costs. The company believes that organic sales growth will be driven by the outstanding pipeline of new products and continued strong market support of Power Brands. THE SITUATION John Dwight founded Church & Dwight Inc. Co. and now is one of the most successful companies that produces and manufactures personal care products. When the company was formed, it was not as big as it is now; however, the growth of the company has been slow and steady. The product line of Church & Dwight is diversified and consists of the personal care products. This has helped it to compete with companies like Unilever and P & G. Although the growth of the company has been slow and steady, the company has faced a few problems to succeed and this is the reason that the competition by the company has not been up to par (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-2). The competitors of Church & Dwight are Unilever and P&G. These two are the giants in the industry and in order to compete with them; Church & Dwight will have to gear up and ensure that the reputation and awareness of the company is created. The company can attribute much of its success to the fact that it had concentrated on the production and sales of sodium bicarbonate. Strong family control has shielded management from the problems of defending the company from takeover attempts. The company has successfully taken a commodity chemical, branded it, and marketed it to the point where it dominates the market. It has subsequently capitalized on consumer recognition and loyalty to the ARM & HAMMER brand by introducing multiple consumer products under this logo. As the dominant producer and marketer of sodium bicarbonate products, Church & Dwight has faced limited competition in its primary markets and successfully entered the markets with other consumer products using a low price strategy with limited advertising expenditures. The company has gained a steady growth over the years and have to expand several consumer products. They have several company acquisitions due to its huge revenues over the years. But Church and Dwight just like other companies face several challenges along the way. A challenge against leveraged buy-outs and hostile takeovers is eminent. It is also experiencing head on collision with giant competitors such as Procter & Gamble and Colgate-Palmolive. In spite of all of these challenges it transformed into much larger competitor not only across a broader range of products but also in geographic territory. As a result, in order to maintain its continuous growth in both domestic and international arena the company needs to have the best strategy in place.†¨ Author: Cook, Roy A. pp, 35-1-12: II. ANALYSIS A. Analysis of the situation Management – Church & Dwight Company has continued a tradition of slow and steady leadership with a solid focus on long-term goals. The stability of the company’s leadership can be attributed to the fact that 25 percent of outstanding common stock is owned by descendants of the company’s original cofounders, a tradition that continues even today. In addition, the management of the company over the past 160 years has been handed down from generation-to-generation until recently when Dwight C. Minton passed on the position of Chief Executive Officer in 1995 to an outsider, Mr. Robert A. Davies, III (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-2). Being focused on their leadership style has enabled Church & Dwight to overcome potential leveraged buy-outs and hostile takeovers with a series of calculated actions and savvy business decisions. These actions allowed the board of directors and management to amend the company’s charter and allowed shareholders four votes per share. The board of directors was also re-structured into classes, in which each class serves staggered three-year terms (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-3). In addition to staggering the tenure of the directors, the company initiated employee severance agreements with key officials, providing a severance package agreement to provide some type of security in the event a board member position is terminated by a hostile takeover or leveraged buy-out by an unwanted owner. By providing these lucrative packages for senior management, many were able to stay with Church & Dwight. In applying the The Boston Consulting Group Growth Share Matrix, the company can be classified as a â€Å"Cash Cow† (wordpress.com) because according to the financial statements of Church & Dwight’s from 2007 to 2009, net sales and profits continued to grow relative to the many acquisitions made by of the company. In October 2004, Church & Dwight purchased four brands from Unilever, it completed the acquisition of Carter-Wallace’s consumer brands. While SPINBRUSH was purchased from Procter & Gamble in 2005. Furthermore, when compared to its major competitors, the company realized higher sales growth rates from 2003 to 2005. 2. Operations – Church & Dwight’s growth strategy relied on finding new uses for sodium bicarbonate. Prior to the acquisition spree, the company’s profits were derived from this product. The company soon began using an overall family branding strategy to penetrate the consumer markets place in the United States and Canada. Also, 85% of the baking soda market was controlled by the Arm and Hammer brand, â€Å"By capitalizing on its easily recognizable brand name, logo, and established marketing channels, Church & Dwight moved into such related products as laundry detergent, carpet cleaners and deodorizers, air deodorizers, toothpaste, and deodorant/antiperspirants.† (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-6). Rivalry among existing firms (competitors), is inevitable as competitors try to achieve greater market shares to grow potential profit shares. To reduce industry competition, Church & Dwight â€Å"also have a very solid core of specialty products† (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p 35-9). The Growth of an analyzer normally occurs through market penetration. Church & Dwight Inc. can be classified as an analyzer organization because according to Miles and Snow’s Cellular Organization model the company operates in two types of product-market domains, one relatively stable, the other changing, (referenceforbusiness.com).This strategy worked very well in allowing the company to promote a variety of products using only one brand name. 3. Marketing – With established US and western European markets reaching saturation, manufacturers are actively pursuing growth overseas. Church & Dwight Inc. sales are concentrated in United States and Canada where funnel it through mass merchandisers such as Walt-Mart, supermarkets, wholesale clubs and drugstores (Wheelen & Hunger, 2102, pp.35-7). Even-though the company’s marketing expenses for 2009 were $353.6 million, an increase of $59.5 million or 20% as compared to 2008, Church & Dwight are bent on reaching a wide range of people. This wide range of customers allows them to develop more and more organic products and services with large scale agreements to satisfy those demographics. As the company expands globally, markets for one region could also be satisfied by other regions as production opportunities allowed greater cost-effectiveness. Having new stable consumer products and expanded detergent offerings they found themselves in direct competition with the big players in the market. Church & Dwight wants to move into the international market but have been met with limited success. Two possible reasons for this are 1) lack of name recognition, and 2) recognition problem. The GE Business Screen – used to perform business portfolio analysis on the strategic business units can be of great use in order to boost the company’s market share, (marketingmixhub.com). Therefore, as the company expands and acquires more product lines bearing the Arm & Hammer brand, the potential for substandard quality or customer dissatisfaction could cause negative impact on sales. Therefore, product marketing is essential to reinforce brand name recognition so consumers never forget the value and quality of a company’s name and its product lines. Finance – The financial health of Church & Dwight can be characterized as being a mixed picture. Investors earnings in the report increased to 23%† and dividends on investments increased by 35%. It is highlighted by the strong upward trend in net profit margins and return on equity. However,when attention is turned to other key ratios, the picture becomes cloudy. Both the current and quick ratios have drifted downward. In addition, the inventory turnover ratio, after showing some improvement, has also drifted downward. Overall, a brief review of the financial ratios listed indicates that there continues to be room for improvement. However, the â€Å"five domestic and international consumer product brands acquired during the 2008 Del Laboratories transaction† (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-5) . According to the BCG Growth-Share Matrix, the characteristics of Stars are high-share, high-growth, but limited cash flow due to investment required to maintain growth, however, successful Stars go on to become Cash Cows – business/product that have a high share but slow growth. They tend to generate a very positive cash flow, most of which can be used to develop other businesses/products, (strategicmanagementinsight.com), which will be beneficial for a company like Church & Dwight. Being the world’s largest producer and marketer of sodium bicarbonate-based products, Church & Dwight Co. Inc was able to maintain a steady growth in both sales and earnings. For the past 30 years, the average company sales have increased by 10-15% annually (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, pp.35-3 – 5). It is safe to conclude that since the CEO remains focused on â€Å"building a portfolio of strong brands with sustainable competitive advantages† and the â€Å"long-term objective is to maintain the company’s track record of delivering outstanding TSR (Total Shareholder Return) relative to that of the S&P 500† (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-2), the financial status of Church & Dwight continues to grow as it has historically achieved modest gains from year to year, with hopes of even greater revenue and sales. 5. Administration, especially Human Resources – The Company’s leadership at the top has remained a significant hallmark of the company. The Boards of directors are structured into three classes with four directors in each class serving staggered period of three year term (Wheelen & Hunger, pp.35-2). This strategy has given the board the needed control to maximize the its output to benefit the shareholders. Because of its continuous exposure to would-be suitors the company has entered into an employee severance agreement with key officials. It provides pay up to two times the individual’s highest salary and bonus plus benefits for two years. As the company widens its coverage into the consumer products in early 2000s, the changes in its key personnel was noticeable by injected a pool of executives with wide range of experience in marketing and international background from known organizations such as Spalding Sports World wide, Johnson & Johnson, FMC and Carter-Wallace (Wheelen Hunger, pp.35-3). The composition of its board of directors did not escape the changes that the company has implemented on its management. On the 10-member board, four have served for 10 years or more and six members served for five years or less. Two women served on the board with age ranging from 50 to 74 and the other six members are younger than 60 (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, pp.35-3). 6. SWOT a. Strengths – Church & Dwight Company has many strengths with brand recognition being the top of the list. It is also the only producer of ammonium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate in the US. Another strength is that it has an in-house marketing strategy which very effective in marketing majority of its consumer products. Almost 25 percent of the outstanding shares of common stock are owned by descendants of the company’s cofounders. The company controls approximately 75 percent of the sodium bicarbonate production in the US. They control 85% of the baking soda market. Extensive consumer brand name recognition and loyalty (in 95 percent of U.S. households) which allows the company to promote multiple products using a single brand name. C & D has an awesome anti-takeover defenses including board of directors with staggered terms of office and voting rights that are weighted in favor of long-term shareholders. The Controlling of the production of raw materials, the manufacturing and processing facilities, and the primary marketing functions allows the company to price its products below those of competitors – thus creating a barrier to entry. And last but not the least they have the ability to build value by effectively implementing cost savings strategies when acquiring other company’s consumer brands. b. Weaknesses – Church & Dwight’s major weakness is overextended in their branding of the Arm and Hammer products. Even-though the company enjoyed success domestically, â€Å"in the international arena where growth was more product driven and less marking sensitive, the company was less experienced,† (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, p. 35-7), showing a slight lack of financial strength in their balance sheet, hindered expansions internationally. The primary focus on the Arm & Hammer brand name has left the company with a void in product promotion experience that may be needed in a highly competitive consumer products field or international expansion. Also, their inability to determine the strategic fit for Specialty Products Division into overall company operations is hurting the company. Top management turnover was also a problem for the company. C. Opportunities – The potential expansion into international markets is of great importance. If stricter laws are enacted it will favor the company as expanded uses of company’s basic raw materials for pollution control and potable water applications will be closely monitored. In addition, there is the possibilities of using paint as a stripping compound and an industrial cleaner based on the low abrasion qualities and environmental safety of sodium bicarbonate. The diversification of product line to include other related consumer products using both the Arm & Hammer brand as well as other brand names similar to The Dial Corp. acquisitions can also be explored. The company should expand the use of sodium bicarbonate-based products to meet demands for environmental safety. The acquisitions of consumer product brands and/or companies. Expand use of sodium bicarbonate for automotive parts cleaning systems to repl ace current solvent based systems. d. Threats – Some threats includes competitors with greater marketing and financial strength entering the company’s traditional markets. Operating in many mature markets with limited growth potential. New or increased domestic production of the company’s basic raw materials by other potential producers. The issue of potential consumer confusion through overuse of the family branding line extension strategy which could eventually weaken the Arm & Hammer brand name. Also, retaliatory competitor reactions as the company enters into new consumer product markets that have been dominated by major players such as Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive, Unilever, etc. And the substitutes for current product constitutes threats for Church & Dwight company. e. Products or Services – Church & Dwight consists of several acquisitions that cater to almost 95% of all US Households. It has types of products the household and personal care products. The company has several Brand names, Arm & Hammer, Trojan, Oxiclean, SPINBRUSH, First Response, Nair, ORAJEL, XTRA, to name a few. These products range from dentifrice, chemical agent to absorb or neutralize odors and acidity, a kidney dialysis element, a blast media, an environmentally friendly cleaning agent, a swimming pool pH stabilizer, and pollution control agent (Wheelen & Hunger, 2012, pp.35-7/9). B. Problem Definition The problems presented in this case study is evident that Church & Dwight really needs to make changes especially in the area of its expanded consumer products. The acquisition of several companies may have brought huge revenues but having several line of product might have a huge negative impact. Potential marketing problem may arise when company own products will be placed along with its well-known brand name and confuse consumers. This situation can also lead to a loss of marketing pull. The company’s overall corporate objectives were: (1) to maintain a steady growth by staying focus on long term goals; (2) to provide best result to shareholders; (3) to continue seeking new uses of its core products (4) to maintain and keep cost under control; (5) to enter the international market and continually seeking for opportunity for growth. If the goals cannot be met then Church and Dwight Co. Inc. may be always vulnerable buyouts and takeovers. It can also lead to loss of market share both from domestic and international market.†¨2. If the problems are corrected and done properly then the leadership in the market will be maintained and possible loss of revenue will be prevented. The objective of entering the international market may offer a better opportunity for continuous growth.†¨3. There are several reasons that this problem is eminent. First is that every market has its saturation point where products matures after reaching its peak. The company must al ways be ready on adapting to this continuous cycle of change. The search for new uses of its products must never stops. It should always explore better ways of improving the life of the consumers while maintaining and protecting the environment. Second, new product and competitor will always emerge and will not be taken down easily without a good fight. The company should always maintain their effective marketing strategy to be able to survive the continued battle for market share. Third is that limitless opportunity for growth in international market will not come easy as battle there would be unpredictable. The focus for long-term goals should always be on the mind of its key executives for this will be the foundation of their success. III. SYNTHESIS A. ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS The alternative solutions are that the company should tow the family branding line extension strategy in order to introduce new products (especially sodium bicarbonate-based products) such as skin care, soaps, mouthwashes, lotions, and antacids in order to gain increased market exposure and economies of scale. Recent launches of products such as chewing gum with baking soda are testing this strategy. Expand the limited advertising program for current niche market products to retain and gain market share. Promote products carrying the Arm & Hammer logo as being environmentally safe. Resources should be directed to testing and developing new brands to lessen dependence on the Arm & Hammer brand due to the possibility of loss of its present customer appeal. Since the company’s consumer products are competing in mature markets with limited growth potential, the opportunities available although the environmental safety of its chemical products should be tapped. For example, pollution control, water purification, circuit board cleaning, and industrial paint stripping. Generate new chemical product applications requiring minimal promotional support while offering opportunities for rapid sales growth. Explore the opportunity of forming joint ventures with foreign companies to gain access to the necessary experience and capital to succeed in international markets. Select targeted international locations to successfully penetrate and use as a laboratory for refining international growth opportunities. Continue to lower costs of production and distribution to counter competitive threats from new entries in the low-cost end of product offerings such as detergents. Acquire company consumer products/brands in order to gain access to international markets and the marketing expertise. B. RECOMMENDATIONS AND SOLUTIONS The best solution for C & D company is to retain the best products within its umbrella while considering the best projection of revenue that it can generate. Time factor for the company should also be considered for them to know when to retain or let go of a non-core asset. Timely decision making of its top management will be a factor in maintaining its annual revenue at steady growth. The key decision makers would play a vital role in this area. The continuous seeking of new uses sodium bicarbonate will still be very effective for the company in years to come that is why the focus on this should never be lost. The present global market is offering a much bigger area to be explored especially in Asian countries. Therefore, further recommendations for Church & Dwight for would be to implement the first alternative, delving into new product lines both in domestic markets and even greater exploration of international markets.The injection of key decision makers with extensive marketing experience abroad would be important in penetrating the global market. This option would be advantageous because of the limited financial investment required to grow already established footholds in foreign countries to manufacture and transport new product lines. Church & Dwight will be continuously challenged due to new entrants. To minimize this they should always be ahead all the time. Environmental issues will also be a major factor for them. Therefore complying with existing environmental rules and regulations while promoting its products is a very good strategy. †¨In conclusion the ultimate goal of achieving huge revenue while maintaining cost of operation as low as possible has always foremost with Church and Dwight Co. Inc. This company, backed with 160 years of marketing and production experience will have a much clear brighter path of success as long as they continue to focus on their long term goals. Understanding various cultures and overcoming societal barriers will help satisfy any shortcomings in this solution, it is further recommended that Church & Dwight initiate an aggressive marketing strategy incorporating foreign experts in business and marketing development to identify focus groups to better understand cultural differences and expectations in product innovations. And finally, this recommendation provides a potential solution to increase sales while growing market share and staying ahead of the competition. Reference: GE-McKinsey Matrix. (2013). Retrieved from http://marketingmixhub.com/ge-mckinsey-http://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/tools/bcg-matrix-growth-share.htm Lindblad, M. (2013). What Is the Importance of the Strategic Audit? Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-strategic-audit-13057.html†http://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-strategic-audit-13057.html Management Innovations. (2010). Strategic Formulation: BCG Growth-Share Matrix Model. Retrieved from â€Å"http://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/2010/06/10/strategy-formulation-bcg-â€Å"http://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/ 2010/06/10/strategy-formulation-bcg- â€Å"http://managementinnovations.wordpress.com/2010/06/10/strategy-formulation-bcg-growth-share-matrix-model/†growth-share-matrix-model/ Miles, R. E., & Snow, C. C. (1978). Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process. New

Animal Farm by George Orwell Essay Example

Animal Farm by George Orwell Essay Example Animal Farm by George Orwell Paper Animal Farm by George Orwell Paper Essay Topic: Animal Farm George orwell Literature 1. We have chosen Commandment 7, All Animals are Equal 2. The reasoning behind the commandment is the animals were cruelly dictated by Mr Jones. The ideal that Old Major portrayed was of a Farm run solely by animals for animals that were part of a Democracy. Evidence is on page 6 in both Longman and Penguin version, where it states in Old Majors Speech no animal must ever tyrannize over his own kind. Weak or strong, clever or simple, we are all brothers. Further on in the story, Napoleon tyrannizes all of the farm animals. He kills ruthlessly with no reasoning and makes every animal that is not a pig or dog to slave over the labours of building the windmill with less food than in Jones days of dictatorship. 3. Early warning signs that the pigs are starting to manipulate the Commandment for their own ends can be found at the beginning of chapter three, page 16 in Longman version and page in Penguin. It reads The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised the others. This shows that the pigs were already forming a hierarchy of importance. They tell the other animals what to do and the animals do as they were told due to their slave mentality. Another example of the pigs making decisions without consulting the other animals is when the pigs steal the milk and apples. The pigs put themselves above the rest of the animals so they can get what they want. On page 22 in the Longman version and page in Penguin; it reads,Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. Milk and apples contain substances absolutely necessary to the well being of pigs. We pigs are brain-workers. The whole management and organization of this farm depends on us. All of which implies that they are the only reason that the farm has not been taken over by Mr Jones once more. Also it is the pigs that decide upon the final line up of commandments, not anyone else. There was no vote just a decision. It states on page 15 in both Longman and Penguin, The pigs had succeeded in reducing the principles of Animalism to Seven Commandments. 4. By the pigs continually bending and breaking the All animals are equal commandment we can tell about their character that they are dictators, greedy, selfish and believe that they are better and more worthy of power and control over the farm than anyone else due to their superior intelligence over the rest of the animals. Domineering personalities take advantage of the other hardworking and diligent animals of the farm. The pigs motives are not of Animalism, but of pure superiority over everything in their reach, which is the farm. Their plans for the future are of the farm being run by them, but all the hard work being done by the other animals of the farm. They want the farm to be the most profitable out of the farms, particularly those run be Pilkington and Frederick. An example of the pigs urge for superiority is evident particularly between Snowball and Napoleon. When they present their speeches about campaigns they are very competitive. When Napoleon knows that Snowball has the upper hand in speeches, leading to Snowball to be in power, Napoleon exiles him from the farm with the savage force of nine dogs, which nearly kill him. This happens on pages 32 33 in the Longman version and on pages in the Penguin version. 5. After the exile of Snowball, during Sunday ceremony, the pigs and dogs are on the platform and everyone else is on the ground. This is an image which portrays the hierarchy of the farm; pigs and dogs at the top, and the other animals at the bottom. Squealer explanation for the reasoning behind the events was that Snowball was a dangerous character and a bad influence and called Napoleons change of heart over the windmill Tactics, The animals were not certain what the word meant but Squealer spoke so persuasively, and the three dogs who happened to be with him growled so threateningly, that they accepted his explanation without further question. This happens on pages 36 37 in the Longman version and pages 38 39 in the Penguin version. This pattern of questioning from the other animals then being silenced by Squealers persuasive reasoning, and a mixture of fear from the savage dogs capability of killing them violently, silences all of the animals doubts and any chance of revolting against the tyrant Napoleon occurs time and time again. If only they pushed on questioning the pigs they would be free from Napoleons rule, but it doesnt happen. 6. The wording of the Commandment on the barn wall is altered to allow for the pigs corruption from All animals are Equal to All animals are Equal but some Animals are more Equal than others. This change occurs in chapter 10 page 83 in the Longman version and page 90 in the Penguin version. 7. Further evidence related to the reason behind the commandment can be found on page 5 in the Longman version and page in the Penguin version. It states, Never listen when they tell you that man and the animals have a common interest, that the prosperity of the one is the prosperity of the others. It is all lies. This paragraph, from Old Majors speech, is where the commandment originates. The message from this part of his speech indicates the possible outcome of dictatorship that may arise among the animals if the rebellion is a success. Old Major is warning them that the rebellion will bring conflict and if they are to make it a success they must always be united as one in a democracy and oppose any kind of control. Also in the event that dictatorship does take place on the farm, everything they say will benefit them in someway and will lie to get the others support.

Rajasaurus, the Deadly Indian Dinosaur

Rajasaurus, the Deadly Indian Dinosaur Also known as theropods, meat-eating dinosaurs- including raptors, tyrannosaurs, carnosaurs, and too many other -saurs to list here- had a wide distribution during the later Mesozoic Era, from about 100 to 65 million years ago. An otherwise unremarkable predator, except for its small head crest, Rajasaurus lived in what is now modern-day India, not a very fruitful location for fossil discoveries. It has taken over 20 years to reconstruct this dinosaur from its scattered remains, discovered in Gujarat in the early 1980s. (Dinosaur fossils are relatively rare in India, which helps explain why the regal word Raja, meaning prince, was bestowed on this carnivore. Oddly enough, the most common Indian fossils are ancestral whales dating from the Eocene epoch, millions of years after the dinosaurs went extinct!) Why did Rajasaurus possess a head crest, a rare feature in carnivores that weighed in the one-ton-and-over range? The most likely explanation is that this was a sexually selected characteristic, since colorfully crested Rajasaurus males (or females) were more attractive to the opposite sex during mating season- thus helping to propagate this trait through succeeding generations. Its also worth noting that Carnotaurus, a close contemporary of Rajasaurus from South America, is the only identified meat-eating dinosaur with horns; perhaps there was something in the evolutionary air back then that selected for this characteristic. It may also be the case that the crest of Rajasaurus flushed pink (or some other color) as a means of signaling other pack members. Now that weve established that Rajasaurus was a meat-eater, what, exactly, did this dinosaur eat? Given the paucity of Indian dinosaur fossils, we can only speculate, but a good candidate would be titanosaurs- the gigantic, four-legged, small-brained dinosaurs that had a global distribution during the later Mesozoic Era. Clearly, a dinosaur the size of Rajasaurus couldnt hope to take down a full-grown titanosaur all by itself, but its possible that this theropod hunted in packs, or that it picked off newly hatched, elderly, or injured individuals. Like other dinosaurs of its kind, Rajasaurus probably preyed opportunistically on smaller ornithopods and even on its fellow theropods; for all we know, it may even have been an occasional cannibal. Rajasaurus has been classified as a type of large theropod known as an abelisaur, and was thus closely related to the eponymous member of this genus, the South American Abelisaurus. It was also close kin to the  comically short-armed Carnotaurus mentioned above and the supposed cannibal dinosaur Majungasaurus from Madagascar. The family resemblance can be explained by the fact that India and South America (as well as Africa and Madagascar) were joined together in the giant continent Gondwana during the early Cretaceous period, when the last common ancestor of these dinosaurs lived. Name: Rajasaurus (Hindi/Greek for prince lizard); pronounced RAH-jah-SORE-us Habitat: Woodlands of India Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (70-65 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 30 feet long and one ton Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Moderate size; bipedal posture; distinctive crest on head

The effects of overfishing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The effects of overfishing - Essay Example The earth has various different natural resources, which are utilized by persons living in different geographical region. The number of people consuming fish is high as consumers are spread all over the world. As a means of getting resources for carrying on with their daily lives, many people residing around various water bodies indulge in fishing. In a bid to increase their income, fishermen usually strive to fish more; more fish implies more returns on investment. This practice is also practiced by commercial industries in a bid to maximize the profits realized. This leads to overfishing, which have adverse effects on the marine life, as some species of fish may become extinct (Ebbbin, Hoel & Sydes, 2005). The world’s population has been on the increase, which has necessitated the increase of the amount of food, and other resources required in order to support human life. Due to the increase in population, which translates to higher demand, there has been the need to increase the supply of fish. Therefore, the increased fish demand is satisfied through natural fishing or fish farming (Hilborn, 2012). In the case of fish farming, overfishing is not common with the farmers using certified nets while fishing; thus, ensuring that the fingerings are left in the ponds or dams. On the other hand, overfishing is rampant in wildlife fishing, where personal displine in adhering to the guidelines set to avoid overfishing is low. Wildlife overfishing has led to decline in the number of fish in the wildlife; thus having a negative effect on the diversity and richness of our environment. Overfishing has economic consequences to various stakeholders in the fishing and aquaculture industry. When overfishing is carried out, authorities in charge usually impose ban to fishing for certain periods to ensure that the fish breeds to the normal population. These bans make fishermen jobless; thus, affecting their living standards and of those who depend on them.